Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

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April 14

1471		The Earl of Warwick, who fought on both sides in the War of the Roses, is killed at the Battle of Barnet with the defeat of the Lancastrians.
1543		Bartoleme Ferrelo returns to Spain after discovering a large bay in the New World (San Francisco).
1775		The first abolitionist society in United States is organized in Philadelphia.
1793		A royalist rebellion in Santo Domingo is crushed by French republican troops.
1828		The first edition of Noah Webster’s dictionary is published.
1860		The first Pony Express rider arrives in San Francisco with mail originating in St. Joseph, Missouri.
1865		President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated in Ford’s Theater by John Wilkes Booth.
1894		Thomas Edison’s kinetoscope is shown to the public for the first time.
1900		The World Exposition opens in Paris.
1912		The passenger liner Titanic–deemed unsinkable–strikes an iceberg on her maiden voyage and begins to sink. The ship will go under the next day with a loss of 1,500 lives.
1931		King Alfonso XIII of Spain is overthrown.
1945		American B-29 bombers’s damage the Imperial Palace during firebombing raid over Tokyo.
1953		The Viet Minh invade Laos with 40,00 troops in their war against French colonial forces.
1959		The Taft Memorial Bell Tower is dedicated in Washington, D.C.
1961		The first live broadcast is televised from the Soviet Union.
1969		The first major league baseball game is played in Montreal, Canada.
1981		America’s first space shuttle, Columbia, returns to Earth.
Born on April 14
1578		Philip III, king of Spain and Portugal (1598-1621).
1629		Christian Huygens, Dutch astronomer.
1866		Anne Mansfield Sullivan, teacher who educated Helen Keller.
1889		Arnold Toynbee, English historian.
1898		Harold Black, electrical engineer.
1904		Sir John Gielgud, British actor.

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History: April 3, 2015

Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

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April 3

628		In Persia, Kavadh sues for peace with the Byzantines.
1367		John of Gaunt and Edward the Black Prince win the Battle of Najara, in Spain.
1559		Philip II of Spain and Henry II of France sign the peace of Cateau-Cambresis, ending a long series of wars between the Hapsburg and Valois dynasties.
1860		The Pony Express connects St. Joseph, Missouri and Sacramento, California.
1862		Slavery is abolished in Washington, D.C.
1865		Union forces occupy the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia.
1882		The American outlaw Jesse James is shot in the back and killed by his cousin, Bob Ford.
1910		Alaska’s Mount McKinley, the highest mountain in North America is climbed.
1920		F. Scott Fitzgerald and Zelda Sayre are married at St. Patrick’s Cathedral in New York City.
1936		Bruno Hauptmann, killer of the Lindbergh baby, is executed.
1942		The Japanese begin their all-out assault on the U.S. and Filipino troops at Bataan.
1944		The U.S. Supreme Court rules that black citizens are eligible to vote in all elections, including primaries.
1948		President Harry Truman signs Marshall Plan, it will revive war-torn Europe.
1966		Three-thousand South Vietnamese Army troops lead a protest against the Ky regime in Saigon.
1972		Charlie Chaplin returns to the United States after a twenty-year absence.
1984		Coach John Thompson of Georgetown University becomes the first African-American coach to win an NCAA basketball tournament.
Born on April 3
1783		Washington Irving, American writer (The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, Rip Van Winkle).
1822		Edward Everett Hale, American clergyman and author (Man without a Country).
1823		William Macy “Boss” Tweed, New York City political boss.
1837		John Burroughs, nature writer.
1842		Hermann Karl Vogel, German astonomer.
1888		Gertrude Bridget “Ma” Rainey, American singer, “the mother of the blues.”
1898		Henry R. Luce, magazine publisher, founder of Time, Fortune and Life.
1924		Marlon Brando, actor (On the Waterfront, The Godfather).
1924		Doris Von Kappelhoff [Doris Day], American singer and actress.
1930		Helmut Kohl, chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany.

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

A chronological timetable of historical events that occurred on this day in history. Historical facts of the day in the areas of military, politics, science, music, sports, arts, entertainment and more. Discover what happened today in history.

37		On a trip to the Italian mainland from his home on Capreae, the emperor Tiberius dies on the Bay of Naples.
1190		The Crusades begin the massacre of Jews in York, England.
1527		The Emperor Babur defeats the Rajputs at the Battle of Kanvaha, removing the main Hindu rivals in Northern India.
1621		The first Indian appears to colonists in Plymouth, Massachusetts.
1833		Susan Hayhurst becomes the first woman to graduate from a pharmacy college.
1850		Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter is published.
1865		Union troops push past Confederate blockers at the Battle of Averasborough, N.C.
1907		The British cruiser Invincible, the world’s largest, is completed at Glasgow shipyards.
1913		The 15,000-ton battleship Pennsylvania is launched at Newport News, Va.
1917		Russian Czar Nicholas II abdicates his throne.
1926		Physicist Robert H. Goddard launches the first liquid-fuel rocket.
1928		The United States plans to send 1,000 more Marines to Nicaragua.
1935		Adolf Hitler orders a German rearmament and violates the Versailles Treaty.
1939		Germany occupies the rest Czechoslovakia.
1945		Iwo Jima is declared secure by U.S. forces although small pockets of Japanese resistance still exist.
1954		CBS introduces The Morning Show hosted by Walter Cronkite to compete with NBC’s Today Show.
1964		President Lyndon B. Johnson submits a $1 billion war on poverty program to Congress.
1968		U.S. troops in Vietnam destroy a village consisting mostly of women and children, the action is remembered as the My-Lai massacre.
1984		Mozambique and South Africa sign a pact banning support for one another’s internal foes.
1985		Associated Press newsman, Terry Anderson is taken hostage in Beirut.
Born on March 16
1751		James Madison, fourth President of the United States (1809-17).
1789		George S. Ohm, German physicist.
1822		Rosa Bonheur, French painter and sculptor.
1822		John Pope, Union general in the American Civil War.
1861		Maxim Gorky, Russian dramatist
1912		Thelma Catherine Patricia Ryan Nixon, first lady to President Richard Nixon.
1926		Jerry Lewis, American comedian and film actor.

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

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March 7

322 BC		The Greek philosopher Aristotle dies.
161		On the death of Antoninus at Lorium, Marcus Aurelius becomes emperor.
1774		The British close the port of Boston to all commerce.
1799		In Palestine, Napoleon captures Jaffa and his men massacre more than 2,000 Albanian prisoners.
1809		Aeronaut Jean Pierre Blanchard — the first person to make the an aerial voyage in the New World — died on March 7, 1809, at the age of 56.
1838		Soprano Jenny Lind (“the Swedish Nightingale”) makes her debut in Weber’s opera Der Freischultz.
1847		U.S. General Winfield Scott occupies Vera Cruz, Mexico.
1849		The Austrian Reichstag is dissolved.
1862		Confederate forces surprise the Union army at the Battle of Pea Ridge, in Arkansas, but the Union is victorious.
1876		Alexander Graham Bell is granted a patent for the telephone.
1904		The Japanese bomb the Russian town of Vladivostok.
1906		Finland becomes the third country to give women the right to vote, decreeing universal suffrage for all citizens over 24, however, barring those persons who are supported by the state.
1912		French aviator, Heri Seimet flies non-stop from London to Paris in three hours.
1918		Finland signs an alliance treaty with Germany.
1925		The Soviet Red Army occupies Outer Mongolia.
1927		A Texas law that bans Negroes from voting is ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
1933		The board game Monopoly is invented.
1933		The film King Kong premieres in New York City.
1935		Malcolm Campbell sets an auto speed record of 276.8 mph in Florida.
1936		Hitler sends German troops into the Rhineland, violating the Locarno Pact.
1942		Japanese troops land on New Guinea.
1951		U.N. forces in Korea under General Matthew Ridgeway launch Operation Ripper, an offensive to straighten out the U.N. front lines against the Chinese.
1968		The Battle of Saigon, begun on the day of the Tet Offensive, ends.
1971		A thousand U.S. planes bomb Cambodia and Laos.
1979		Voyager 1 reaches Jupiter.
Born on March 7
1707		Stephen Hopkins, signer of the Declaration of Independence.
1872		Piet Mondrian, Dutch abstract painter, leader of the movement known as “de Stijl.”
1875		Maurice Ravel, composer (“Bolero”).
1887		Helen Parkhurst, educator, developed a technique later known as the Dalton Plan.
1904		Reinhard Heydrich, German SS leader and architect of the “Final Solution.”
1907		Rolf Jacobsen, Norwegian poet.
1908		Anna Magnani, Italian actress.

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

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March 5

1624		Class-based legislation is passed in the colony of Virginia, exempting the upper class from punishment by whipping.
1766		Antonio de Ulloa, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in New Orleans.
1793		Austrian troops crush the French and recapture Liege.
1821		James Monroe becomes the first president to be inaugurated on March 5, only because the 4th was a Sunday.
1905		Russians begin to retreat from Mukden in Manchuria, China.
1912		The Italians become the first to use dirigibles for military purposes, using them for reconnaissance flights behind Turkish lines west of Tripoli.
1918		The Soviets move the capital of Russia from Petrograd to Moscow.
1928		Hitler’s National Socialists win the majority vote in Bavaria.
1933		Newly inaugurated President Franklin D. Roosevelt halts the trading of gold and declares a bank holiday.
1933		Hitler and Nationalist allies win the Reichstag majority. It will be the last free election in Germany until after World War II.
1943		In desperation due to war losses, fifteen and sixteen year olds are called up for military service in the German army.
1946		In Fulton, Missouri, Winston Churchill tells a crowd that “an iron curtain has descended on the Continent [of Europe].”
1956		The U.S. Supreme Court affirms the ban on segregation in public schools in Brown vs. Board of Education.
1969		Gustav Heinemann is elected West German President.
1976		Britain gives up on the Ulster talks and decides to retain rule in Northern Ireland indefinitely.
1984		The U.S. Supreme Court rules that cities have the right to display the Nativity scene as part of their Christmas display.
Born on March 5
1326		Louis I (the Great), King of Hungary.
1574		William Oughtred, mathematician and inventor of the slide rule.
1824		Elisha Harris, U.S. physician and founder of the American Public Health Association.
1824		James Merritt Ives, lithographer for Currier and Ives.
1853		Howard Pyle, writer and illustrator (The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood).
1870		Frank Norris, novelist (McTeague, The Octopus).
1887		Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazillian composer.
1908		Rex Harrison, actor.
1938		Lynn Margulis, biologist.
1948		Leslie Marmon Silko, writer (Ceremony).

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

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February 28

1066		Westminster Abbey, the most famous church in England, opens its doors.
1574		On the orders of the Holy Office of the Inquisition, two Englishmen and an Irishman are burnt for heresy.
1610		Thomas West is appointed governor of Virginia.
1704		Indians attack Deerfield, Mass. killing 40 and kidnapping 100.
1847		Colonel Alexander Doniphan and his ragtag Missouri Mounted Volunteers ride to victory at the Battle of Sacramento, during the Mexican War.
1861		The territory of Colorado is established.
1900		After a 119-day siege by the Boers, the surrounded British troops in Ladysmith, South Africa, are relieved.
1863		Four Union gunboats destroy the CSS Nashville near Fort McAllister, Georgia.
1916		Haiti becomes the first U.S. protectorate.
1924		U.S. troops are sent to Honduras to protect American interests during an election conflict.
1936		The Japanese Army restores order in Tokyo and arrests officers involved in a coup.
1945		U.S. tanks break the natural defense line west of the Rhine and cross the Erft River.
1946		The U.S. Army declares that it will use V-2 rocket to test radar as an atomic rocket defense system.
1953		Greece, Turkey and Yugoslavia sign a 5-year defense pact in Ankara.
1967		In Mississippi, 19 are indicted in the slayings of three civil rights workers.
1969		A Los Angeles court refuses Robert Kennedy assassin Sirhan Sirhan’s request to be executed.
1971		The male electorate in Lichtenstein refuses to give voting rights to women.
1994		U.S. warplanes shoot down four Serb aircraft over Bosnia in the first NATO use of force in the troubled area.
Born on February 28
1533		Michel de Montaigne, French moralist who created the personal essay.
1820		John Tenniel, illustrator of various books (Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland).
1824		Charles Blondin, tightrope walker.
1894		Ben Hecht, writer.
1901		Linus Pauling, Nobel Prize-winning American chemist.
1909		Stephen Spender, English poet, critic.
1911		Denis Burkitt, British medical researcher.
1926		Svetlana Stalin, daughter of Josef Stalin.

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

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February 21

1595		The Jesuit poet Robert Southwell is hanged for “treason” being a Catholic.
1631		Michael Romanov, son of the Patriarch of Moscow, is elected Russian Tsar.
1744		The British blockade of Toulon is broken by 27 French and Spanish warships attacking 29 British ships.
1775		As troubles with Great Britain increase, colonists in Massachusetts vote to buy military equipment for 15,000 men.
1797		Trinidad, West Indies surrenders to the British.
1828		The first issue of the Cherokee Phoenix is printed, both in English and in the newly invented Cherokee alphabet.
1849		In the Second Sikh War, Sir Hugh Gough’s well placed guns win a victory over a Sikh force twice the size of his at Gujerat on the Chenab River, assuring British control of the Punjab for years to come.
1862		The Texas Rangers win a Confederate victory in the Battle of Val Verde, New Mexico.
1878		The world’s first telephone book is issued by the New Haven Connecticut Telephone Company containing the names of its 50 subscribers.
1885		The Washington Monument is dedicated in Washington, D.C.
1905		The Mukden campaign of the Russo-Japanese War, begins.
1916		The battle of Verdun begins with an unprecedented German artillery barrage of the French lines.
1940		The Germans begin construction of a concentration camp at Auschwitz.
1944		Hideki Tojo becomes chief of staff of the Japanese army.
1949		Nicaragua and Costa Rica sign a friendship treaty ending hostilities over their borders.
1951		The U. S. Eighth Army launches Operation Killer, a counterattack to push Chinese forces north of the Han River in Korea.
1956		A grand jury in Montgomery, Alabama indicts 115 in a Negro bus boycott.
1960		Havana places all Cuban industry under direct control of the government.
1965		El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz (Malcom X) is assassinated in front of 400 people.
1972		Richard Nixon arrives in Beijing, China, becoming the first U.S. president to visit a country not diplomatically recognized by the U.S.
1974		A report claims that the use of defoliants by the U.S. has scarred Vietnam for a century.
Born on February 21
1794		Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, Mexican Revolutionary.
1801		John Henry Newman, English theologian and writer.
1821		Charles Scribner, founded the publishing firm which became Charles Scribner’s Sons and also founded Scribner’s magazine.
1893		Andés Segovia, Spanish classical guitarist.
1907		W.H. Auden, Pulitzer Prize-winning poet (The Age of Anxiety).
1920		Robert S. Johnson, American World War II fighter ace who shot down 27 German planes.
1927		Erma Bombeck, author and humorist (The Grass is Always Greener Over the Septic Tank).

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

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February 19

1408		The revolt of Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, against King Henry IV, ends with his defeat and death at Bramham Moor.
1701		Philip V of Spain makes his ceremonial entry into Madrid.
1807		Vice President Aaron Burr is arrested in Alabama for treason. He is later found innocent.
1847		Rescuers finally reach the ill-fated Donnor Party in the Sierras.
1861		Russian Tsar Alexander II abolishes serfdom.
1902		Smallpox vaccination becomes obligatory in France.
1903		The Austria-Hungary government decrees a mandatory two year military service.
1915		British and French warships begin their attacks on the Turkish forts at the mouth of the Dardenelles, in an abortive expedition to force the straits of Gallipoli.
1917		American troops are recalled from the Mexican border.
1919		The First Pan African Congress meets in Paris, France.
1925		President Calvin Coolidge proposes the phasing out of inheritance tax.
1926		Dr. Lane of Princeton estimates the earth’s age at one billion years.
1942		Port Darwin, on the northern coast of Australia, is bombed by the Japanese.
1944		The U.S. Eighth Air Force and Royal Air Force begin “Big Week,” a series of heavy bomber attacks against German aircraft production facilities.
1965		Fourteen Vietnam War protesters are arrested for blocking the United Nations’ doors in New York.
1966		Robert F. Kennedy suggests the United States offer the Vietcong a role in governing South Vietnam.
1976		Britain slashes welfare spending.
1981		The U.S. State Department calls El Salvador a “textbook case” of a Communist plot.
1987		New York Governor Mario Cuomo declares that he will not run for president in the next election.
Born on February 19
1473		Nicholas Copernicus, Polish astronomer who introduced the idea that the earth revolved around the sun.
1683		Philip V, King of Spain.
1817		William III, King of the Netherlands.
1859		Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist, founder of physical chemistry.
1902		Kay Boyle, short story writer (“The White Horses of Vienna”).
1911		Merle Oberon, film actress.
1917		Carson McCuller, writer (The Heart is a Lonely Hunter).
1940		Smokey Robinson, American singer and songwriter.
1952		Amy Tan, novelist (The Joy Luck CLub, The Kitchen God’s Wife).

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

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February 16

1760		Cherokee Indians held hostage at Fort St. George are killed in revenge for Indian attacks on frontier settlements.
1804		US Navy lieutenant Steven Decatur leads a small group of sailors into Tripoli harbor and burns the USS Philadelphia, captured earlier by Barbary pirates.
1862		Fort Donelson, Tennessee, falls to Grant’s Federal forces, but not before Nathan Bedford Forrest escapes.
1865		Columbia, South Carolina, surrenders to Federal troops.
1923		Bessie Smith makes her first recording “Down Hearted Blues.”
1934		Thousands of Socialists battle Communists at a rally in New York’s Madison Square Garden.
1937		Dupont patents a new thread, nylon, which will replace silk in a number of products and reduce costs.
1940		The British destroyer HMS Cossack rescues British seamen from a German prison ship, the Altmark, in a Norwegian fjord.
1942		Tojo outlines Japan’s war aims to the Diet, referring to “new order of coexistence” in East Asia.
1945		American paratroopers land on Corregidor, in a campaign to liberate the Philippines.
1951		Stalin contends the U.N. is becoming the weapon of aggressive war.
1952		The FBI arrests 10 members of the Ku Klux Klan in North Carolina.
1957		A U.S. flag flies over an outpost in Wilkes Land, Antarctica.
1959		Fidel Castro takes the oath as Cuban premier in Havana.
1965		Four persons are held in a plot to blow up the Statue of Liberty, Liberty Bell and the Washington Monument.
1966		The World Council of Churches being held in Geneva, urges immediate peace in Vietnam.
1978		China and Japan sign a $20 billion trade pact, which is the most important move since the 1972 resumption of diplomatic ties.
Born on February 16
1620		Frederick William, founder of Brandenburg-Prussia.
1838		Henry Adams, U.S. historian, son and grandson of the presidents.
1852		Charles Taze Russell, founder of the International Bible Students Association which later became the Jehovah’s Witnesses.
1845		Quinton Hogg, English philanthropist.
1886		Van Wyck Brooks, biographer, critic and literary historian.
1903		Edgar Bergen, ventriloquist and radio comedian.
1904		George Kennan, U.S. diplomat and historian.
1944		Richard Ford, Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist (The Sportswriter, Independence Day).

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

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February 9

1567		Lord Darnley, the second husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, is murdered his sick-bed in a house in Edinburgh when the house blows up.
1799		The USS Constellation captures the French frigate Insurgente off the West Indies.
1825		The House of Representatives elects John Quincy Adams, sixth U.S. President.
1861		Jefferson F. Davis is elected president of the Confederate States of America.
1864		Union General George Armstrong Custer marries Elizabeth Bacon in their hometown of Monroe, Mich.
1904		Japanese troops land near Seoul, Korea, after disabling two Russian cruisers.
1909		France agrees to recognize German economic interests in Morocco in exchange for political supremacy.
1916		Conscription begins in Great Britain as the Military Service Act becomes effective.
1922		The U.S. Congress establishes the World War Foreign Debt Commission.
1942		Chiang Kai-shek meets with Sir Stafford Cripps, the British viceroy in India.
1943		The Red Army takes back Kursk 15 months after it fell to the Germans.
1946		Stalin announces the new five-year plan for the Soviet Union, calling for production boosts of 50 percent.
1951		Actress Greta Garbo gets U.S. citizenship.
1953		The French destroy six Viet Minh war factories hidden in the jungles of Vietnam.
1964		The U.S. embassy in Moscow is stoned by Chinese and Vietnamese students.
1978		Canada expels 11 Soviets in spying case.
1994		Nelson Mandela becomes the first black president of South Africa.
Born on February 9
1773		William Henry Harrison, ninth U.S. President and the first to die in office.
1814		Samuel Tilden, philanthropist.
1819		Lydia E. Pinkham, patent-medicine maker and entrepeneur.
1846		William Maybach, German engineer, designed the first Mercedes automobile.
1871		Howard T. Ricketts, pathologist.
1874		Amy Lowell, poet.
1880		James Stephens, Irish writer (The Charwoman’s Daughter, The Crock of Gold).
1909		Dean Rusk, Secretary of State under presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.
1923		Brendan Behan, Irish playwright and poet (The Hostage, The Quare Fellow).
1944		Alice Walker, Pulitzer prize winning author (The Color Purple).

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February 8

1587		Mary, Queen of Scots is beheaded in Fotheringhay Castle for her alleged part in the conspiracy to usurp Elizabeth I.
1807		At Eylau, Napoleon’s Marshal Pierre Agureau attacks Russian forces in a heavy snowstorm.
1861		Delegates from seceded states adopt a provisional Confederate Constitution.
1862		Union troops under Gen. Ambrose Burnside defeat a Confederate defense force at the Battle of Roanoke Island, N.C.
1865		Confederate raider William Quantrill and men attack a group of Federal wagons at New Market, Kentucky.
1887		Congress passes the Dawes Act, which gives citizenship to Indians living apart from their tribe.
1900		British General Buller is beaten at Ladysmith, South Africa as the British flee over the Tugela River.
1904		In a surprise attack at Port Arthur, Korea, the Japanese disable seven Russian warships.
1910		The Boy Scouts of America is incorporated.
1924		The gas chamber is used for the first time to execute a murderer.
1942		The Japanese land on Singapore.
1943		British General Orde Wingate leads a guerrilla force of “Chindits” against the Japanese in Burma.
1952		Elizabeth becomes Queen of England after her father, King George VI, dies.
1962		The U.S. Defense Department reports the creation of the Military Assistance Command in South Vietnam.
1965		South Vietnamese bomb the North Vietnamese communications center at Vinh Linh.
1971		South Vietnamese ground forces, backed by American air power, begin Operation Lam Son 719, a 17,000 man incursion into Laos that ends three weeks later in a disaster.
1990		CBS television temporarily suspends Andy Rooney for his anti-gay and ant-black remarks in a magazine interview.
Born on February 8
412		St. Proclus, Patriarch of Constantinople
1820		William T. Sherman, Union general in the American Civil War.
1828		Jules Verne, French novelist, one of the first writers of science fiction (Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea).
1834		Dmitri Ivanovich Medeleyev, Russian chemist, developed the periodic table of elements.
1851		Kate (O’Flaherty ) Chopin, novelist, short story writer (The Awakening).
1906		Chester F. Carlson, physicist, inventor of xerography, the electrostatic dry-copy process.
1906		Henry Roth, writer (Call it Sleep).
1911		Elizabeth Bishop, poet.
1926		Neal Cassaday, writer, counterculture proponent.
1931		James Dean, film actor and 1950s teenage icon (Rebel Without a Cause, East of Eden, Giant).
1940		Ted Koppel, television journalist.

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February 4

786		Harun al-Rashid succeeds his older brother the Abbasid Caliph al-Hadi as Caliph of Baghdad.
1194		Richard I, King of England, is freed from captivity in Germany.
1508		The Proclamation of Trent is made.
1787		Shay’s Rebellion, an uprising of debt-ridden Massachusetts farmers against the new U.S. government, fails.
1795		France abolishes slavery in her territories and confers slaves to citizens.
1889		Harry Longabaugh is released from Sundance Prison in Wyoming, thereby acquiring the famous nickname, “the Sundance Kid.”
1899		After an exchange of gunfire, fighting breaks out between American troops and Filipinos near Manila, sparking the Philippine-American War
1906		The New York Police Department begins finger print identification.
1909		California law segregates Caucasian and Japanese schoolchildren.
1915		Germany decrees British waters as part of the war zone; all ships to be sunk without warning.
1923		French troops take the territories of Offenburg, Appenweier and Buhl in the Ruhr as a part of the agreement ending World War I.
1932		Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt inaugurates the Winter Olympics at Lake Placid, N.Y.
1941		The United Service Organization (U.S.O.) is formed to cater to armed forces and defense industries.
1944		The Japanese attack the Indian Seventh Army in Burma.
1945		The Big Three, American, British and Soviet leaders, meet in Yalta to discuss the war aims.
1966		Senate Foreign Relations Committee begins televised hearings on the Vietnam War.
1980		Syria withdraws its peacekeeping force in Beirut.
1986		The U.S. Post Office issues a commemorative stamp featuring Sojourner Truth.
Born on February 4
1881		Fernand Leger, French painter.
1900		Jacques Prevert, French poet, screenwriter (The Visitors of the Evening, The Children of Paradise).
1902		Charles Lindbergh, the first man to fly solo across the Atlantic.
1906		Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German Protestant theologian.
1906		Clyde Tombaugh, astronomer, discovered Pluto.
1913		Rosa Lee Parks, civil rights activist.
1921		Betty Friedan, writer, feminist, founded the National Organization of Women in 1966.
1925		Russell Hoban, artist and writer (Bedtime for Frances, The Mouse and His Child).
1932		Robert Coover, novelist & short story writer.
1947		Dan Quayle, vice president under President George H.W. Bush.

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Today In History (January 31) : What Happened This Day In History

Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

A chronological timetable of historical events that occurred on this day in history. Historical facts of the day in the areas of military, politics, science, music, sports, arts, entertainment and more. Discover what happened today in history.

January 31

1606		Guy Fawkes is hanged, drawn and quartered for his part in the Gunpowder Plot, an attempt to blow up Parliament.
1620		Virginia colony leaders write to the Virginia Company in England, asking for more orphaned apprentices for employment.
1788		The Young Pretender, Charles Edward Stuart dies.
1835		A man with two pistols misfires at President Andrew Jackson at the White House.
1865		House of Representatives approves a constitutional amendment abolishing slavery.
1911		The German Reichstag exempts royal families from tax obligations.
1915		Germans use poison gas on the Russians at Bolimov.
1915		German U-boats sink two British steamers in the English Channel.
1916		President Woodrow Wilson refuses the compromise on Lusitania reparations.
1917		Germany resumes unlimited sub warfare, warning that all neutral ships that are in the war zone will be attacked.
1935		The Soviet premier tells Japan to get out of Manchuria.
1943		The Battle of Stalingrad ends as small groups of German soldiers of the Sixth Army surrender to the victorious Red Army forces.
1944		U.S. troops under Vice Adm. Spruance land on Kwajalien atoll in the Marshall Islands.
1950		Paris protests the Soviet recognition of Ho Chi Minh’s Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
1966		U.S. planes resume bombing of North Vietnam after a 37-day pause.
1968		In Vietnam, the Tet Offensive begins as Viet Cong and North Vietnamese soldiers attack strategic and civilian locations throughout South Vietnam.
1976		Ernesto Miranda, famous from the Supreme Court ruling on Miranda vs. Arizona is stabbed to death.
1981		Lech Walesa announces an accord in Poland, giving Saturdays off to laborers.
Born on January 31
1734		Robert Morris, signatory of the Declaration of Independence.
1797		Franz Schubert, Austrian composer (C Major Symphony, The Unfinished Symphony).
1919		Jackie Robinson, first African-American baseball player in the modern major leagues.
1925		Benjamin Hooks, civil rights leader.

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

A chronological timetable of historical events that occurred on this day in history. Historical facts of the day in the areas of military, politics, science, music, sports, arts, entertainment and more. Discover what happened today in history.

January 28

28		The Roman Emperor Nerva names Trajan, an army general, as his successor.
1547		Henry VIII of England dies and is succeeded by his nine-year-old son Edward VI.
1757		Ahmed Shah, the first King of Afghanistan, occupies Delhi and annexes the Punjab.
1792		Rebellious slaves in Santo Domingo launch an attack on the city of Cap.
1871		Surrounded by Prussian troops and suffering from famine, the French army in Paris surrenders. During the siege, balloons were used to keep contact with the outside world.
1915		The U.S. Coast Guard is founded to fight contraband trade and aid distressed vessels at sea.
1915		The German navy attacks the U.S. freighter William P. Frye, loaded with wheat for Britain.
1921		Albert Einstein startles Berlin by suggesting the possibility of measuring the universe.
1932		The Japanese attack Shanghai, China, and declare martial law.
1936		A fellow prison inmate slashes infamous kidnapper, Richard Loeb, to death.
1941		French General Charles DeGaulle‘s Free French forces sack south Libya oasis.
1945		Chiang Kai-shek renames the Ledo-Burma Road the Stilwell Road, in honor of General Joseph Stilwell.
1955		The U.S. Congress passes a bill allowing mobilization of troops if China should attack Taiwan.
1964		The Soviets down a U.S. jet over East Germany killing three.
1970		Israeli fighter jets attack the suburbs of Cairo.
1986		The space shuttle Challenger explodes just after liftoff.
Born on January 28
1693		Anna “Ivanovna”, Tsarina of Russia.
1706		John Baskerville, inventor of the “hot-pressing” method of printing.
1853		Jose Marti, Cuban poet and journalist, known as the “Apostle of the Cuban Revolution.”
1912		Jackson Pollock, influential abstract expressionist painter.

Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

A chronological timetable of historical events that occurred on this day in history. Historical facts of the day in the areas of military, politics, science, music, sports, arts, entertainment and more. Discover what happened today in history.

January 24

41		Shortly after declaring himself a god, Caligula is assassinated by two Praetorian tribunes.
1458		Matthias Corvinus, the son of John Hunyadi, is elected king of Hungary.
1639		Representatives from three Connecticut towns band together to write the Fundamental Orders, the first constitution in the New World.
1722		Czar Peter the Great caps his reforms in Russia with the “Table of Rank” which decrees a commoner can climb on merit to the highest positions.
1848		Gold is discovered by James Wilson Marshall at his partner Johann August Sutter’s sawmill on the South Fork of the American River, near Coloma, California.
1903		U.S. Secretary of State John Hay and British Ambassador Herbert create a joint commission to establish the Alaskan border.
1911		U.S. Cavalry is sent to preserve the neutrality of the Rio Grande during the Mexican Civil War.
1915		The German cruiser Blücher is sunk by a British squadron in the Battle of Dogger Bank.
1927		British expeditionary force of 12,000 is sent to China to protect concessions at Shanghai.
1931		The League of Nations rebukes Poland for the mistreatment of a German minority in Upper Silesia.
1945		A German attempt to relieve the besieged city of Budapest is finally halted by the Soviets.
1946		The UN establishes the International Atomic Energy Commission.
1951		Indian leader Nehru demands that the UN name Peking as an aggressor in Korea.
1965		Winston Churchill dies from a cerebral thrombosis at the age of 90.
1980		In a rebuff to the Soviets, the U.S. announces intentions to sell arms to China.
1982		A draft of Air Force history reports that the U.S. secretly sprayed herbicides on Laos during the Vietnam War.
Born on January 24
1712		Frederick II (the Great), King of Prussia, noted for his social reforms and leading Prussia in military victories.
1732		Pierre de Beaumarchais, French dramatist (The Barber of Seville, The Marriage of Figaro).
1862		Edith Wharton, U.S. novelist who wrote Ethan Frome and The Age of Innocence.

Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

A chronological timetable of historical events that occurred on this day in history. Historical facts of the day in the areas of military, politics, science, music, sports, arts, entertainment and more. Discover what happened today in history.

January 23

1901		A great fire ravages Montreal, resulting in $2.5 million in property lost.
1913		The “Young Turks” revolt because they are angered by the concessions made at the London peace talks.
1932		Franklin D. Roosevelt enters the presidential race.
1948		The Soviets refuse UN entry into North Korea to administer elections.
1949		The Communist Chinese forces begin their advance on Nanking.
1950		Jerusalem becomes the official capital of Israel.
1951		President Truman creates the Commission on Internal Security and Individual Rights, to monitor the anti-Communist campaign.
1969		NASA unveils moon-landing craft.
1973		President Richard Nixon claims that Vietnam peace has been reached in Paris and that the POWs would be home in 60 days.
1977		Alex Haley’s Roots begins a record-breaking eight-night broadcast on ABC.
1981		Under international pressure, opposition leader Kim Dae Jung’s death sentence is commuted to life imprisonment in Seoul.
1986		U.S. begins maneuvers off the Libyan coast.
Born on January 23
1832		Édouard Manet, French impressionist painter best known for Luncheon in the Grass.
1899		Humphrey Bogart, U.S. film actor (The African Queen, Casablanca, The Maltese Falcon).
1919		Ernie Kovacs, U.S. comedian and television personality.
1957		Princess Caroline of Monaco.

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

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January 22

1689		England’s “Bloodless Revolution” reaches its climax when parliament invites William and Mary to become joint sovereigns.
1807		President Thomas Jefferson exposes a plot by Aaron Burr to form a new republic in the Southwest.
1813		During the War of 1812, British forces under Henry Proctor defeat a U.S. contingent planning an attack on Fort Detroit.
1824		A British force is wiped out by an Asante army under Osei Bonsu on the African Gold Coast. This is the first defeat for a colonial power.
1863		In an attempt to out flank Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia, General Ambrose Burnside leads his army on a march to north Fredericksburg, but foul weather bogs his army down in what will become known as “Mud March.”
1879		Eighty-two British soldiers hold off attacks by 4,000 Zulu warriors at the Battle of Rorke’s Drift in South Africa.
1905		Russian troops fire on civilians beginning Bloody Sunday in St. Petersburg.
1912		Second Monte Carlo auto race begins.
1913		Turkey consents to the Balkan peace terms and gives up Adrianople.
1930		Admiral Richard Byrd charts a vast area of Antarctica.
1932		Government troops crush a Communist uprising in Northern Spain.
1939		A Nazi order erases the old officer caste, tying the army directly to the Party.
1943		Axis forces pull out of Tripoli for Tunisia, destroying bases as they leave.
1944		U.S. troops under Major General John P. Lucas make an amphibious landing behind German lines at Anzio, Italy, just south of Rome.
1971		Communist forces shell Phnom Penh, Cambodia, for the first time.
1979		Abu Hassan, the alleged planner of the 1972 Munich raid, is killed by a bomb in Beirut.
1982		President Ronald Reagan formally links progress in arms control to Soviet repression in Poland.
Born on January 22
1440		Ivan III (the Great), grand prince of Russia.
1561		Sir Francis Bacon, English philosopher, statesman, essayist (The Advancement of Learning).
1788		Lord George Byron, English romantic poet (“Lara,” “Don Juan.”)
1874		D.W. [David Wark] Griffith, influential U.S. film director (The Birth of A Nation, Intolerance).
1890		Fred Vinson, Thirteenth Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.
1906		Willa Brown-Chappell, pioneer aviator.

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Today In History: What Happened This Day In History

A chronological timetable of historical events that occurred on this day in history. Historical facts of the day in the areas of military, politics, science, music, sports, arts, entertainment and more. Discover what happened today in history.

January 18

1486		Henry VII marries Elizabeth of York.
1701		Frederick III, the elector of Brandenburg, becomes king of Prussia.
1778		Captain James Cook discovers the Hawaiian Islands, naming them the ‘Sandwich Islands’ after the First Lord of the Admiralty, Lord Sandwich.
1836		Jim Bowie arrives at the Alamo to assist its Texas defenders.
1862		John Tyler, former president of the U.S., is buried at Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond.
1902		The Isthmus Canal Commission in Washington shifts its support from Nicaragua to Panama as a favored canal site.
1910		Aviator Eugene Ely performs his first successful take off and landing from a ship in San Francisco.
1916		The Russians force the Turkish 3rd Army back to Erzurum.
1942		General MacArthur repels the Japanese in Bataan. The United States took the lead in the Far East war criminal trials.
1945		The German Army launches its second attempt to relieve the besieged city of Budapest from the advancing Red Army.
1948		Ghandi breaks a 121-hour fast after halting Muslem-Hindu riots.
1962		The United States begins spraying foliage with herbicides in South Vietnam, in order to reveal the whereabouts of Vietcong guerrillas.
1964		Plans are disclosed for the World Trade Center in New York.
1978		The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) isolate the cause of Legionnaire’s disease.
1991		Iraq starts firing Scud missiles at Israeli cities.
Born on January 18
1782		Daniel Webster, congressman from New Hampshire, Massachusetts senator, and secretary of state before the Civil War.
1813		Joseph Glidden, inventor.
1858		Daniel Hale Williams, physician who performed the first open heart surgery, founder of Chicago’s Provident Hospital.
1882		A.A. [Alan Alexander] Milne, novelist, humorist and journalist (Winnie the Pooh).
1892		Oliver Hardy, film comedian, one half of Laurel and Hardy.
1904		Cary Grant, U.S. film actor (Gunga Din, Bringing Up Baby, The Philadelphia Story, North by Northwest).

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Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

Today In History. What Happened This Day In History

A chronological timetable of historical events that occurred on this day in history. Historical facts of the day in the areas of military, politics, science, music, sports, arts, entertainment and more. Discover what happened today in history.

January 17

1601		The Treaty of Lyons ends a short war between France and Savoy.
1746		Charles Edward Stuart, the young pretender, defeats the government forces at the battle of Falkirk in Scotland.
1773		Captain James Cook becomes the first person to cross the Antarctic Circle.
1819		Simon Bolivar the “liberator” proclaims Columbia a republic.
1893		Queen Liliuokalani, the Hawaiian monarch, is overthrown by a group of American sugar planters led by Sanford Ballard Dole.
1852		At the Sand River Convention, the British recognize the independence of the Transvaal Board.
1912		Robert Scott reaches the South Pole only a month after Roald Amundsen.
1939		The Reich issues an order forbidding Jews to practice as dentists, veterinarians and chemists.
1945		The Red army occupies Warsaw.
1963		Soviet leader Khrushchev visits the Berlin Wall.
1985		A jury in New Jersey rules that terminally ill patients have the right to starve themselves.
Born on January 17
1504		Pius V, Pope 1566-1572.
1706		Benjamin Franklin, statesman, diplomat, scientist and inventor who helped draft the Declaration of Independence and wrote Poor Richard’s Almanac.
1860		Anton Chekhov, Russian playwright and short story writer famous for The Seagull and Three Sisters.
1863		David Lloyd George, British Prime Minister during World War I.
1899		Al Capone, U.S. mobster known as “Scarface Al” who ran most of Chicago and the surrounding area.
1922		Betty White, actress; created memorable characters in TV sitcoms from the 1950s into the 21st century (Life with Elizabeth, Mary Tyler Moore, The Golden Girls, Hot in Cleveland) and was a popular guest on TV games shows. At age 88 and a half she became the oldest person ever to host Saturday Night Live (2010).
1942		Muhammad Ali [Cassius Clay], U.S. boxer, “The Greatest,” who is the only three-time heavyweight champion..
1964		Michelle Robinson Obama, wife of US President Barack Obama.

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